Up and Down Phrasal English Verbs

Phrasal verbs formed with up and down are used to indicate increases and decreases in a number of qualities. Each use is indicated by a specific general quality followed by a synonymous verb or short definition. There are two example sentences for each phrasal verb with up or down. Heres an example: Up Increase in ValueDown Decrease in Value to put up (S) to raiseThe supermarket put coffee prices up in January. to bring down (S) to reduceThe recession brought profits down sharply. Remember that phrasal verbs can be either separable or inseparable (review separable inseparable phrasal verbs). Each phrasal verb is also marked as separable (S) or inseparable (I). In the case that verbs are separable, examples will use the separable form of the phrasal verb. For inseparable phrasal verbs, examples keep the phrasal verbs together. Phrasal Verbs With Up Up Increase in Value to put up (S) to raise Well have to put our prices up to compete.Have they put the price of corn up recently? to go up (I) to increase The price of gas went up in March.Our rent went up in January. Up Increase in Size to bring up (S) to raise (usually children) They brought their children up to be responsible adults.Were bringing up two children. to grow up (I) to become older Youve grown up since I last saw you.The children grew up so fast. Up Increase in Speed to speed up (I) to go faster in a vehicle He quickly sped up to sixty miles an hour.His motorcycle can speed up to 100 quickly. to hurry up (I) to do something faster, to get ready faster Could you please hurry up?!Ill hurry up and finish this report. Up Increase in Heat to heat up (S) to make hotter Ill heat the soup up for lunch.What should I heat up for dinner? to warm up (S) to make hotter Ill warm this soup up for lunch.Would you like me to warm your tea up? Up Increase in Happiness, Excitement to cheer up (S) to make someone happier Can you cheer Tim up?I think we need to cheer them up with a song or two. to liven up (S) to make something more fun Lets liven this party up with a game.We need to liven this meeting up. Up Increase Sound to turn up (S) to raise the volume Please turn the radio up.I like to turn the stereo up when nobody is home. to speak up (I) to speak with a stronger voice You need to speak up for people to understand you.Please speak up in this room. Up Increase in Strength to build up (S) to increase over time Its important to build your muscle strength up over time.Theyve built up an impressive stock portfolio. to pick up (I) to improve over time My health has picked up over the past few days.The stock market has picked up recently. Phrasal Verbs With Down Down Decrease in Value to bring down (S) to reduce They bring down prices after Christmas.The summer brought heating oil prices down. to go down (I) to decrease The value of the house went down during the recession.Gas prices have gone down dramatically over the past few months. to cut down (S) to reduce the value of Weve cut our research and development budget down significantly.Theyve cut their investments down to half. Down Decrease in Speed to slow down (I) to reduce your speed Slow down when you drive into town.My car slowed down and stopped at the intersection. Down Decrease in Temperature to cool down (S) to a lower temperature Youll cool down after you stop exercising.This cool towel will cool you down. Down Decrease in Excitement to cool down (S) to relax I need to take a moment to cool down.Tom should cool his friend down so we can continue the meeting. to calm down (S) to make less excited I calmed the children down with a movie.It took him a while to calm down after the meeting. Down Decrease in Volume to turn down (S) to reduce the volume Could you please turn that music down?I think you should turn the volume down on the radio. to keep down (S) to remain soft Please keep your voices down in the library.Id like you to keep it down in this room. to quieten down (S) to encourage someone to become quieter Could you please quieten your children down?Id like you to quieten the class down. Down Reduce Strength to water down (S) to reduce the strength of something (often alcohol) Could you water this martini down?You need to water down your argument.

Presidents of The United States The Short List - 2316 Words

I. Franklin D. Roosevelt (1932-1933) He is the United States 32nd president and was known by the initials FDR. He is recorded to be the most cosmopolitan individual American to have entered the white house and the only president to have served for more than two terms. According to the Siena Research Institute survey conducted a year after taking office by a new president, Franklin D. Roosevelt for the last five surveys (1982, 1990, 1994, 2002, and 2010) has been ranked as the top chief executive of all the times that the United States has ever had (Sienna Research Institute 2) Dallek Robert in his book â€Å"Franklin D. Roosevelt and American Foreign Policy† refers to Roosevelt as the American internationalist (21). He knew what the nation†¦show more content†¦Wilson managed to set up or create the war industrial board, supported or promoted the labor union, and supported the growth, and supervision of food production and agriculture. . Using the lever act he took over the control and supervision of the railroads, and enacted and implemented the first FDP (federal drug prohibition); he also suppressed the anti-war movements. Woodrow Wilson is historically known to be the first United States President to have developed legislative powers of his office systematically. He also showed Legislative leadership and balanced the co-ordinate policy-formulation delicately (Dimock). He earns a high ranking because of his contributions in leadership and legislative work. IV. Dwight D. Eisenhower (1952-1953) He was the United States 34th president. His aim of entering the presidential race was to crusade against the corruption, communism, and Korea. He concluded the negotiations with the government of china to n d the Korean War, and maintained an intense pressure on the Soviet Union in the period of the cold war. He also gave a priority to the nuclear weapons that were inexpensive in order to save money. He helped in the removal of McCarthy from power in as much as several of his political actions, he had left to his then vice-president called Richard Nixon. He did not stop the policies of the new deal and instead enlarged the socialShow MoreRelatedThe United States Is A Democratic Republic1643 Words   |  7 PagesAbigael Schneider American Government 1. What does it mean when it is said that the United States is a democratic republic? Give an example of how our nation is a democratic republic. When the United States (or any other nation) is referred to as a â€Å"democratic republic† we then know two things about that nation’s system of government. First, the term â€Å"democratic† tells us that the citizens of a nation rule its government and that those citizens are afforded certain rights. These rights includeRead MoreI’M Doing This Essay On Which Of The Presidents We Think1015 Words   |  5 PagesI’m doing this essay on which of the presidents we think are either the best or the worst. 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Essay One Free Essays

He uses Native American symbols such as the tote in his poem to convey the message of how humanity fears nature and does not care about nature, which leads to various destructions upon it. The common ground between both is that they share the transcendentalist theme for seeking not to conquer, but rather to live in harmony with it. Thoreau and Snyder both think highly nature and admire its limitless bounds and have very strong opinions on how humanity is loosing a sense of self by ignoring the beauty of nature. We will write a custom essay sample on Essay One or any similar topic only for you Order Now Thoreau states, â€Å"†¦ When the whole body is one sense, and imbibes delight through every pore. I go and come with a strange liberty, n Nature, a part of herself’ (Thoreau 379). He describes a deep connect as he inspects all of the elements around him, â€Å"†¦ L see nothing special to attract me, all the elements are unusually congenial to me† (Thoreau 379). Nature is pleasant therefore he is attracted to everything nature has to offer. Sender’s approach to his connection setting a theme that is centered on the premise that the American government is destroying the environment of their land by deforestation and control of the environment. He stresses how nature is not being protected and ultimately leading to destruction, â€Å"Who use iron leg-traps n Coyotes† (Snyder 1 1). He stresses iron leg traps that kill coyotes the coyotes represent the destruction of nature and it’s inhabitants. That animals such as the coyote have no where to go once their home is destroyed, while the supporters of the deforestation continue progressing from area to area in North America. Snyder wants the audience to feel empathy for the environment and the animals living in it through this theme. Thoreau argues how humans are sometimes afraid of nature â€Å"I believe that men are generally still afraid of the dark†¦ † (Thoreau 380). He reminds the reader that nature is â€Å"†¦ The most sweet and tender, the most innocent† and that, â€Å"†¦ There can be no black melancholy to him who lives in the midst of nature† (Thoreau 380). While Thoreau has a more philosophical approach to his interpretation of nature while Snyder adds a sense of urgency â€Å"And the Coyote singing / is shut away / for they fear / the call / of the wild† (Snyder 28-30). Snyder says they fear and pay little attention to the calling and consider it’s worth less than it is. â€Å"And they sold their virgin cedar trees / the tallest in miles / TO a logger / Who old them / â€Å"Trees full of bugs† (Snyder 33-37). The logger is trying to make a bargain for a much lower price on the cedar trees and adds how the â€Å"Trees are full of bugs† (Snyder 37). Sender’s emphasis on the ironic statement of the logger represents the ignorance of the individuals that do not appreciate the wild. Both writers help the reader understand how the wilderness is meant to be changing the way people think about the natural world, one can also change the way they act. Humans can discover a new way of interacting with the environment through the con mention and sympathy towards Mother Nature. Thoreau like Snyder also had strong arguments on how society is distracted and is in need for a spiritual awakening which nature can offer. For the most part we allow only outlying and transient circumstances to make our occasions. They are, in fact, the cause of our distraction† â€Å"When I compare mystified other men, it seems as If were more favored by the gods than they, beyond any deserts that I am conscious of†¦ † (Thoreau 380). He measures his spiritual level on a superior level and considers it a rewarding and a therapeutic experience. â€Å"l was suddenly sensible of such wet and beneficent society in Nature† (Thoreau 380). He reminds society that they can form a bond with nature the way he has and how they will benefit greatly from it. Snyder is more direct with society and targets individuals who reside in the city â€Å"All these Americans up in special cities in the sky / Dumping poisons and explosives / Across Asia first / and next North America† (Snyder 57-61 The urban individuals also kill nature and pay no attention to nature and then states, â€Å"A war against earth† (Snyder 62). Snyder implies that human kind is at war with earth. In â€Å"Solitude† by Thoreau and Call of the Wild† by Snyder the writers argue similar topics, but the way they each present the topics varies and when analyzing both one can truly see the essence of nature from a philosophical and an activist as well an ecological view. How to cite Essay One, Essays

The Problems Faced By Lee-Free-Sample for Students-Myassignment

Question: Discuss about the Problems faced by Lee, a Korean by birth, who has joined a food and beverage Company in Korea. Answer: Introduction: Culture, though a broad multi-dimensional term, is in general a collective phenomenon. Culture can be defined as a collection of several norms, which are unwritten but are present invisibly in an individuals life and which shapes up the lifestyle of individuals, both in personal and professional domains and determines the code of conduct of individuals belonging to a specific group. In other words, culture is one of those yardsticks, which separate one ethnic or geographical group from another (Moran, Abramson and Moran 2014). Many a times, stiff differences in cultural patterns between two geographical locations create difficulties especially for those who try to move from one of these locations to another. The problems, though appear to be non-significant in personal domain, are more apparent in professional set up of an individual as these can leave negative implications on his or her career. This assignment deals with the issues faced by Lee (Barak 2016). A Korean by birth, Lee h as been in Australia for one and a half decade for higher studies and MBA. Lee has also bagged an internship here, before moving to Korea, to join an international food and beverage enterprise (Yang et al. 2012). Accustomed to Australian culture and way of living, Lee faces several issues in the Korean company. The problems faced by Lee are mostly due to the differences in the cultural patterns of the two countries. This situation is analyzed in this report, with the help of Hofstedes Framework, which deals with several cultural dimensions (Hofstede, Jonker and Verwaart 2012). Hofstedes Cultural Dimensions: The Framework designed by Hofstede, analyzes the cross-cultural differences in communications and behaviors of different countries with respect to the following indices of measuring cultural dimensions (Geert-hofstede.com, 2017): Collectivism and Individualism- The societies, where, in general people prefer working together in a collective and integrated framework and aim towards fulfilling community goals over individual interests, usually score more in collectivism criteria. On the contrary, individualistic societies consist of majority of such people who puts achievement of personal targets and gaining personal material satisfaction over welfare of the society as a whole (Gorodnichenko and Roland 2012). Index of Power Distance- Power distance refers to the presence of hierarchy in a society and the stiffness of the relationships between an individual and his or her superiors. High scorers in this index are those societies where there are existences of stiff hierarchical constructs and the juniors have to maintain strict code of conduct to approach their superiors. On the other hand, societies with comparatively flatter dynamics score low in this index (Hofstede 2013). Masculine and Feminine-Heroism, personal accolades and material achievements are linked with success in masculine societies, whereas, those scoring low in masculinity, gives more emphasis on cooperation, modesty and collective, non-materialistic achievements and cares for the ones with lesser capabilities (Hofstede, Jonker and Verwaart 2012). Indulgence- Indulgence means fulfilling ones personal desires and living the life one wants to live. A society allowing these activities and putting lesser restraints on how an individual should express his desires and emotions scores more in this index than those imposing greater restrictive norms on lifestyles of its members (Kohun, Bur?ik and Skovira 2012). Index of Uncertainty Avoidance- Generally, greater rigidity and lesser acceptance of new and innovative ideas fetch more score in this index and a more flexible and accepting society, which accepts non-conventional ideas and implements, changes more easily, scores less in this dimension (Geert-hofstede.com, 2017). Long Term Orientation (Alternatively Confucian Dynamics) This is the sixth dimension in this framework. Higher ranks in this index signify that the particular community is more inclined towards practicality and applicability than following of traditional norms only (Fitzgerald 2013).] Situational Analysis using Hofstedes Framework: The situation faced by Lee in the Korean company, can be explained with the help of the above framework. Lees habit of leaving early after completion of his tasks can create a negative perception about his professional conduct in the Korean company (Barak 2016). This may be because Korea, in general is a high scorer in the Power Distance Index, implying that a rigid hierarchical construct is present in the society as a whole and several norms are abided by the juniors to not appear rude or non-accepting the superiority of their seniors. Accustomed to Australian way of living, coloring his hair or wearing casual clothes in workplace may not seem to be anything unnatural to Lee. However, in his Korean work environment, these simple behaviors may have significant implications; mostly negative (Bae, Rowley and Sohn 2012). Scoring low in Indulgence Index in the Hofstedes Framework, the company may perceive these behaviors of Lee as an indicator of non-acceptance of Korean work culture, th ereby, creating difficulties for Lee to blend in the new work environment (Kohun, Bur?ik and Skovira 2012). Lee has an individualistic approach in general, living mostly in Australia. He targets to attain personal appreciations and tries to stick out of the crowd by giving efforts to gain personal attention of his superiors. This may however, appear inappropriate to his coworkers as they are more accustomed to collective way of working and aim towards achievement of team goals and group appreciations over personal accolades. Korea is also a high scoring country in the Uncertainty Avoidance Indicator (Rinne, Steel and Fairweather 2013). This may imply that the Korean company, which Lee works, may not be very accepting to new and innovative ideas and prefer to go on working following the traditional norms. In this set up, Lees approach of coming up with new and innovative suggestions for the company may not be seen as an appropriate formal behavior and though his seniors may hear to his suggestions, they are less likely to be implemented for real. These factors in a cumulative manner may hav e attributed in the creation of an environment, hostile and unfavorable for Lee in his new workplace (Warner 2014). Lees Potential Strategies: Most of the issues faced by Lee, in his new Korean work environment, are due to the differences in the work cultures of Australia, where he has stayed for long and from where his lifestyle has shaped up and Korea, where he has come to work recently. Many of his trivial habits and not so significant behaviors in the new Korean workplace, has led his coworkers to create non-favorable perceptions about Lees professional attitude, thereby creating a hostile and non-welcoming environment for Lee in his new professional domain (Warner 2014). However, the situation can be handles and improved if Lee implements several small changes in his appearance and behavior in the workplace. Not only this can help in easing the work environment and relationships of Lee with his colleagues, it will also help in his image building which can have long term benefits (Bae, Rowley and Sohn 2012). Few recommendations regarding such changes are as follows: Instead of leaving his work place early (though he might have finished all his works), waiting for his superiors to leave fast may be seen as a good professional conduct on part of Lee. This may be seen as a way of paying respect to his seniors, which will be welcomed by his superiors as Korea in general has a rigid hierarchical construct (Warner 2014). Lee may start coming to his office in simple and decent formals instead of casual clothing. Avoiding loud hair dyes may be a simple and easy step that Lee can take. Although this may appear apparently non-significant and may not have any effect on Lees lifestyle at all, this may have substantial positive implication in his work life, as he will not stick out of the crowd. This will make it easy for him to mix well with his co-workers thereby decreasing the hostility in his job environment (Holmes and Stubbe 2015). Individualistic approach of Lee is one of the primary reasons for the non-friendly job environment he gets in his work place. To create a positive image for himself, Lee can replace his efforts to gain personal appreciations by sticking out from others with a collective approach. He can try to work together with his team and target team achievements. This may help in taking his team forward on one hand and help him in gaining confidence of his co-workers, which in turn may have positive effects on his career graph (Moran, Abramson and Moran 2014). Lee can also create a favorable place for himself in his Korean work set up by maintaining a more introverted and reserved approach as a part of his formal code of conduct. This will most likely be perceived as a symbol of his wisdom and control over his emotions and will fetch him respect as well as cooperation from his co-workers in the Korean company (Holmes and Stubbe 2015). Managers Potential Strategies: With the advent of new-age business framework, post globalization, creation of an integrated, flexible and change-accepting work environment is mandatory on part of the Korean Manager of the concerned company (Buja 2016). He can integrate the individualistic but talented employees in his office in the following ways, without sacrificing the competitive edge: a) Individualistic employees work for personal accolades and appreciations more than company targets. Therefore, to keep them motivated, without gaining negative attentions of the collectivistic ones, the Manager can use verbal appreciations and little non-verbal expressions, which may act as boost ups for the former ones (Holmes and Stubbe 2015). b) To stay ahead of competition, innovation is an absolute necessity for any firm in any corner of the world. The restrictive and non-welcoming nature of the Korean company, to new ideas and innovations need to be rectified. By incorporating the potential and innovative concepts taken from the employees, not only the Korean Manager cannot only encourage his employees to take interest in their work but also can create future prospects for his company in the global business environment (Warner 2014). c) To motivate the employees, especially those who are not accustomed to an introverted and reserved working environment and feels uncomfortable in working in a stiff hierarchical framework, the manager can create a more amiable and approachable work environment where the employees feel less restraints in approaching their seniors with new ideas, questions as well as work related problems. These simple strategies may prove beneficial for both the ends in the long run (Buja 2016). Conclusion: In the above discussion, the problems faced by Lee in his new work environment, situated in Korea are analyzed in details. Much of these problems are found to be having their roots in the cultural differences between Lee, who is more accustomed to Australian lifestyle and his Korean workplace. The discussion tries to recommend several simple to implement strategies for Lee, which can solve his problems to considerable extent, without changing his lifestyle as such. The report, in the later parts, also discusses about the potential strategies that the Korean Manager can take to keep his employees, especially those individualistic but talented ones, who can be valuable assets for the company. References Bae, J., Rowley, C. and Sohn, T.W. eds., 2012.Managing Korean business: Organization, culture, human resources and change. Routledge. Barak, M.E.M., 2016.Managing diversity: Toward a globally inclusive workplace. Sage Publications. Buja, E., 2016. Hofstedes Dimensions of National Cultures Revisited: A Case Study of South Koreas Culture.Acta Universitatis Sapientiae, Philologica,8(1), pp.169-182. Fitzgerald, A., 2013. Long Term Orientation.Month. Geert-hofstede.com (2017). [online] Geert-hofstede.com. Available at: https://geert-hofstede.com/ [Accessed 17 Aug. 2017]. Gorodnichenko, Y. and Roland, G., 2012. Understanding the individualism-collectivism cleavage and its effects: Lessons from cultural psychology. InInstitutions and comparative economic development(pp. 213-236). Palgrave Macmillan UK. Hofstede, G., 2013. Hierarchical power distance in forty countries.Organizations Alike and Unlike, ed. CJ Lammers and DJ Hickson (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1979), pp.97-119. Hofstede, G.J., Jonker, C.M. and Verwaart, T., 2012. Cultural differentiation of negotiating agents.Group Decision and Negotiation,21(1), pp.79-98. Holmes, J. and Stubbe, M., 2015.Power and politeness in the workplace: A sociolinguistic analysis of talk at work. Routledge. Kohun, F.G., Bur?ik, V. and Skovira, R.J., 2012. Research into Hofstedes thesis. InKnowledge and Learning: Global Empowerment. Proceedings of the Management, Knowledge and Learning International Conference(pp. 989-997). Moran, R.T., Abramson, N.R. and Moran, S.V., 2014.Managing cultural differences. Routledge. Rinne, T., Steel, G.D. and Fairweather, J., 2013. The role of Hofstede's individualism in national-level creativity.Creativity Research Journal,25(1), pp.129-136. Warner, M., 2014.Culture and management in Asia. Routledge. Yang, L.Q., Spector, P.E., Sanchez, J.I., Allen, T.D., Poelmans, S., Cooper, C.L., Lapierre, L.M., O'driscoll, M.P., Abarca, N., Alexandrova, M. and Antoniou, A.S., 2012. Individualismcollectivism as a moderator of the work demandsstrains relationship: A cross-level and cross-national examination.Journal of International Business Studies,43(4), pp.424-443